The global HIV/AIDS pandemic began in 1981 and remains an ongoing public health issue worldwide. The CDC reported that African/Black American and Hispanic/Latino individuals are disproportionately impacted by HIV, accounting for over 70% of the estimated new HIV infections in 2022.
In recent South Carolina news, it was recently reported that over 15,000 residents, including children and teens, are living with HIV/AIDS.
What Is HIV?
HIV(human immunodeficiency viruses) attacks the body’s immune system, specifically targeting CD4 cells (T cells). Without treatment, HIV can progress to AIDS (acquired immunodeficiency syndrome).
HIV is transmitted through bodily fluids, including blood, semen, vaginal fluids, anal fluids, and breast milk. Commonly, it has most commonly spread through unprotected sex, sharing needles for drug use, and from mother to child during birth.
How Has HIV Impacted Black Americans?
HIV/AIDS has impacted the Black-American community in numerous ways.
Statistics reveal that although Black/Black Americans make up nearly 13 percent of the U.S. population, they accounted for 42.1 percent of HIV infection cases in 2019.
In 2020, Black Americans were 7.8 times more likely to be diagnosed with HIV compared to white individuals. With rates like this, we need to address this public health crisis.
A few other statistics to note per The Office of Minority Health include:
– Black American males had an AIDS rate 8.1 times higher than white males.
– Black American females had an AIDS rate 15 times higher than white females.
– Black American men were 6.0 times more likely to die from HIV compared to non-Hispanic white men.
– Black American women were 15.3 times more likely to die from HIV compared to white women.
The stress and mental health challenges associated with living with HIV/AIDS are also significant. Individuals with HIV are at a higher risk for mood, anxiety, and cognitive disorders, which can lead to conditions such as depression.
Depression is particularly common among people with HIV due to the constant stress, fear of being judged, and hardship of navigating this change.
HIV and related infections can impact the brain and nervous system, altering thinking and behavior. Some HIV treatments can also have side effects that affect mental health.
Why Black Americans Should Consider Participating in HIV Clinical Trials
Despite the high prevalence of HIV infection in the Black American community, Black Americans remain underrepresented in HIV clinical trials. Given these high rates, Black Americans need to participate in clinical trials to help advance research and the development of new vaccines.
Recent research has revealed differences in drug metabolism and toxicity across races and ethnicities, underscoring the importance of inclusive research practices. Representation in clinical trials helps ensure that findings apply to all communities and that new treatments are effective and safe for everyone. Lastly, participating in trials gives participants access to cutting-edge therapies and contributes to more equitable healthcare outcomes.
Addressing these disparities requires continuous efforts to increase awareness, education, and access to clinical trials within the Black-American community. Encouraging participation not only aids in the fight against HIV/AIDS but also helps to bridge the gaps in medical research and treatment efficacy.
